Early+Cold+War

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet friendly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg width="299" height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**
 * 3/4 of the big four ( US, Great Britian, and France) were for capitalism while the USSR was the lone communist. (later China joins as one of the more powerful making it 3:2 in capitalist to communist)
 * United Nations formed by the big three (seen above) and those three countries were 3/5 most powerful in the UN
 * many disputes the UN between US, Britain, and France against the USSR and China
 * one time a Soviet hit and American with his shoe! ||
 * **CONTAINMENT
 * goal: stop the spread of communism
 * US would work in military and nonmilitary ways to contain communism
 * It is meant to prevent- through political, economic, and diplomatic methods
 * ||  || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg width="281" height="218" align="center" caption="George Kenean"]] ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**
 * wanted communism to stop spreading
 * said US should favor anticommunists
 * set the stage for the Marshall Plan
 * pretty much America's Cold War policy
 * led to economic and military problems in all parts of the world. ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**
 * gave money to European countries
 * made to stabilize European countries' economics
 * America feared that the USSR would try to take over all Europe and maybe more.
 * money helped increase capitalism and decrease communism. || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg width="344" height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**
 * Germany in control of Allie powers create separate nation which was Western Europe
 * Berlin was divided in two one side being capitalist and one being communist
 * When there was separation the USSR blockaded all of the west side of Berlin that was controlled by the Allies.
 * Went for 11 months and the only way the people could get supplies was from airdrops. ||
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * US and European allies believed that a strong military and a united political front would prevent the SU from attacking
 * North Atlantic Treaty Organization: main idea that each member nation would treat an attack on any other member as an attack on itself
 * US had increasing store of nuclear weapons helping NATO
 * In response to NATO, the SU developed Warsaw Pact among its allies
 * Race for military dominance begins!
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png width="241" height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg width="262" height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC
 * red scare- a time when worry about the spread of communism was spread across the US
 * The Rosenberg' arrest and trial took place during the second red scare- arrested for spying and providing Russia with secrets about the Atomic bomb
 * House Un-American Activities Committee- formed to investigate communist activity in the US during the Cold war
 * * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA**
 * Communist defeated the anticommunist Nationalist in a civil war in China
 * US supported the Nationalist
 * US was shocked to see China become a communist nation
 * Nationalists forced to flee to Taiwon
 * Many Americans thought it was a communist plot to rule the world
 * Fear of communism grew || [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** * Joseph McCarthy- a republican senator from Wisconsin!
 * used Korean War to fan Americans' fears of communism
 * McCarthy claimed he had a list of 205 state department officials who belonged to the communist party- claim launched hunt for Communists that wrecked the careers of thousands of people
 * Term McCarthyism stands for reckless charges against innocent citizens
 * After Senate hearings faded from public view || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg width="201" height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE
 * 1957 began the space race, started by Soviet Union stunned world by launching first space satellite
 * This meant SU had enough to launch missile powerful enough to reach U.S.
 * Congress set aside billions of dollars for space research